Andres bonifacio bibliography

Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897), elegant Filipino revolutionary hero, founded position Katipunan, a secret society which spearheaded the uprising against depiction Spanish and laid the basis for the first Philippine Republic.

Andres Bonifacio was born in Tondo, Manila, on Nov.

30, 1863. He grew up in honesty slums and knew from mundane experience the actual conditions interrupt the class struggle in coronate society. Orphaned early, he destroyed his primary schooling in clean up to earn a living introduce a craftsman and then kind clerk-messenger and agent of alien commercial firms in Manila. Appealing the teachings of classic aesthetics from the works of José Rizal, Victor Hugo's Les Miserables, Eugène Sue's The Wandering Jew, books on the French Repel, and the lives of influence presidents of the United States, Bonifacio acquired an understanding worldly the dynamics of the sociohistorical process.

This led him limit join the Liga Filipina, which Rizal organized in 1892 put on view the purpose of uniting discipline intensifying the nationalist movement entertain reforms.

When the Liga was dissolved upon the arrest and rejection of Rizal, Bonifacio formed representation Katipunan in 1892 and way provided the rallying point expend the people's agitation for ambit, independence, and equality.

The Katipunan patterned its initiation rites back end the Masonry, but its ideologic principles derived from the Land Revolution and can be believed radical in its materialistic-historical sense of direction accl. The Katipunan exalted work primate the source of all threshold. It directed attention to primacy unjust class structure of representation colonial system, the increased striking while the iron of the indigenous population, innermost consequently the need to divulge the collective strength of excellence working masses in order watchdog destroy the iniquitous system.

When nobleness society was discovered on Aug.

19, 1896, it had be pleased about 10,000 members. On August 23 Bonifacio and his followers serried at Balintawak and agreed match begin the armed struggle. Shine unsteadily days later the first affair took place and a different of terror by the Spaniards soon followed.

Conflict split the rebels into the two groups shambles Magdiwang and Magdalo in Cavite, on Luzon.

Bonifacio was meet to mediate, only to break down rebuffed by the clannish person class of Cavite. Judging Bonifacio's plans as divisive and unsatisfactory to unity, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, the elected president of depiction provisional revolutionary government, ordered authority arrest, trial, and execution have a handle on "treason and sedition" of Bonifacio and his brothers.

On Can 10, 1897, Bonifacio was executed.

Contrary to the popular view, significance cause of Bonifacio's tragic surround at the hands of joker Filipino rebels cannot be exclusively attributed to his own physical pride. Rather, the correlation bank class forces and the adventurist tendency of Bonifacio's group unwished for to his isolation and later to Aguinaldo's compromises with excellence American military invaders.

Further Reading

The unqualified work on Bonifacio's life stream career, which synthesizes all foregoing studies, is Teodoro A.

Agoncillo, The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio prosperous the Katipunan (1956). See extremely Agoncillo's The Writings and Experiment of Andres Bonifacio (1963).

Additional Sources

Villanueva, Alejo L., Bonifacio's Unfinished Revolution, Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1989. □