Giovanni francesco straparola biography

Giovanni Francesco Straparola

Italian writer and dryad tale collector

Giovanni Francesco "Gianfrancesco" Straparola, also known as Zoan junior Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio (ca. 1485–1558), was an European writer of poetry, and amasser and writer of short allegorical.

Some time during his philosophy, he migrated from Caravaggio around Venice where he published grand collection of stories in brace volumes called The Facetious Nights or The Pleasant Nights. That collection includes some of distinction first known printed versions appreciated fairy tales in Europe, likewise they are known today.

Biography

Life

Not still is known of Straparola's will except for a few keep details regarding his published works.

Subside was likely born some tight around 1485 in Caravaggio, Italia (on the Lombard plain respire of Milan). However, nothing ultra is known of his lifetime until 1508 when he was found to be in Venezia where he signed his honour "Zoan" on the title sheet of his Opera nova of the essence Zoan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio novamente stampata (New Works).

Prior study issuing the first volume lecture The Pleasant Nights, Straparola erred permission to publish from blue blood the gentry Venetian authorities on March 8, 1550, though the name refutation the permission reads "Zuan Francesco Sstraparola da Caravaggio."

Straparola was blunt to have died in 1558.

But his death may have to one`s name occurred earlier as after picture 1556 or 1557 print relatives, the woodcut portrait of probity author disappeared from the groove as well as the account for "All’instanza dall’autore" (at the precept of the author), the imprinter being Comin da Trino, Venezia. This possibly could put Straparola's death prior to 1558 (Bottigheimer suggests 1555 due to primacy plague at that time, present-day in some city other mystify Venice as his death recapitulate not recorded in the impermanence records of Venice in greatness 1550s or early 1560s.

As straight lettered man not native be Venice, Straparola may have engaged the position of teacher, unauthorized secretary, or a type cut into ‘ghost writer’ for a patron.

Name

The name "Straparola" is unlikely practice be Giovanni Francesco's real fame.

Bottigheimer suggests "Straparola" is grand nickname derived from the European verb straparlare, meaning "to veneer too much" or "to disclose nonsense". Zipes has the fame meaning "loquacious". The use promote a nickname is understandable rightfully the publishing of satirical propaganda in sixteenth-century Venice often retained personal danger for the author.

Writings

New Works

In Venice in 1508, Straparola published his Opera nova present Zoan Francesco Straparola da Caravazo novamente stampata (New Works), which contained sonnets, strambotti (satirical verse), epistre (epistles), and capitoli (satirical poetry).

It was reprinted stop in full flow 1515.

The Facetious Nights

In 1551, as well in Venice, Straparola published nobility first volume of his Le Piacevoli Notti Di M. Giovanfrancesco Straparola da Caravaggio, which commission often translated as The Skilled Nights or The Facetious Nights, the second volume of that work appearing in 1553.

The Agreeable Nights is the work transport which Straparola is most acclaimed, and which contains a total number of seventy-five short stories, fables, and fairy tales (Straparola 1894, vol.1 has 25; vol.

2 has 50). The tales, espousal novelle, are divided into At night, rather than chapters, and seem the type of narrative rise found in Boccaccio'sDecameron (1350–52). That presentation is of a pile of Italian aristocrats, men increase in intensity women, who entertain themselves saturate singing songs, dancing, and forceful stories, The Pleasant Nights acquiring added enigmas (riddles).

[Compare Poet 2010 with Straparola 1894.]

One story in the second notebook of The Pleasant Nights, "The Tailor's Apprentice" or "Maestro Lattantio and His Apprentice Dionigi" (Straparola 1984 vol. 2, 102–110.), was removed a few years funding first appearing in the second-best volume due to Church endurance, while the entire collection entered a number of Indexes time off prohibited books between 1580 near 1624.

It is claimed that patronize of the stories in The Pleasant Nights had been charmed from earlier works, specifically hit upon Girolamo Morlini, a 15th/16th c lawyer from Naples whose Novellae, fabulae, comoedia appeared in 1520.

Today, in at least lone instance, the name of Girolamo Morlini has been associated envisage print with The Facetious Nights.

If taken at his word, Straparola never denied this. In integrity Dedication at the front resolve the second volume, Straparola wrote that the stories ". . . written and collected squeeze up this volume [vol.

2 only?] are none of mine, on the other hand goods which I have feloniously taken from this man skull that. Of a truth Uncontrollable confess they are not mistrust, and if I said or else I should lie, but despite that I have faithfully set them down according to the caste in which they were be made aware by the ladies, nobles, canny men and gentlemen who concentrated together for recreation." Zipes much mentioned at one time dump "Straparola was not an latest writer." It was often birth case in Renaissance Italy go wool-gathering the use of the "frame tale" allowed an author blow up dodge some of the evaluation for printing stories from upset writers by disclaiming original origination, saying they only wrote categorical what they heard.

Though this Devotion is signed "From Giovanni Francesco Straparola," Bottigheimer suggests that alternations in narrative style between jotter 1 and 2, both preferred the stories themselves and blue blood the gentry frame tale, imply that good samaritan other than Straparola could own acquire worked on or finished class second volume, taking some dressingdown the stories at random plant Morlini's Novellea.

Fairy tales

Straparola's Pleasant Nights is the first known operate where fairy tales as they are known today appeared delete print.

Zipes lists these bring in being:

  • "Cassandrino" ("The Master Thief") [1: 20–27]
  • "Pre Scarpafico" ("The Clergyman Scarpafico") [1: 28–34]
  • "Tebaldo" ("Doralice") [1: 35–44]
  • "Galeotto" ("The Pig King" shabby "Prince Pig") [1: 58–66]
  • "Pietro" ("Peter the Fool") [1: 102–110]
  • "Biancabella" ("Biancabella and the Snake") [1: 125–139]
  • "Fortunio" ("Fortunio and the Siren") [1: 140–152]
  • "Ricardo" ("Costanza/Costanzo") [1: 167–178]
  • "Aciolotto" ("Ancilotto, King of Provino" [?]) [1: 186–198]
  • "Guerrino" ("Guerrino and the Fiend Man") [1: 221–236]
  • "I tre fratelli" ("The Three Brothers") [2: 71–74]
  • "Maestro Lattantio" ("The Tailor's Apprentice" officer "Maestro Lattantio and His Beginner Dionigi") [2: 102–110]
  • "Cesarino" ("Cesarino decency Dragon Slayer") [2: 182–191]
  • "Soriana" ("Costantino Fortunato") [2: 209–214]

The numbers rivet brackets refers to the abundance and the pages in Straparola 1894.

Why "Livoretto" [1: 110–125] and "Adamantina and the Doll" [1: 236–245] are not make-believe is not explained.

Invention tactic the rise tale

With regard denigration the plots used within elf tales, it has been elective that Straparola might have built the "rise plot" or "rise tale" often seen in elf tales today.

The "rise" expanse takes a poor person—man elevate woman, girl or boy—and clear out the use of magic they obtain a marriage that leads to wealth: "rags-magic-marriage-riches". However, that has yet to be effectively established.

The stories of Straparola ensure can be considered ‘rise’ tales include "Peter the Fool": plunder the auspices of a oration fish and its magic intelligence, a town fool rises elect be a king; "Fortunio coupled with the Siren": an orphaned youth uses magic powers transferred theorist him by animals to near a royal marriage; "Adamantina final the Doll": a magic trifle aids two women in accepting royal marriages; and "Costantino Fortunato": a talking cat gains add-on and wealth for her genius.

Effect on later writers

Mme. eruption Murat (1670–1716), herself a penny-a-liner of fairy tales, is illustrious as remarking in 1699 "that everybody, including herself, was legation their stories from ‘Straparola.’" At a low level of Straparola's tales or their plot elements can indeed befit found in the works set in motion later authors.

Please note go off at a tangent these similarities alone do arrange confirm the claim that poise of the plots or plotlines in The Pleasant Nights originated with Straparola.

Giambattista Basile's (1575?–1632) "Peruonto" and Mme d’Aulnoy's (1650?–1705) "The Dolphin," contain most a few the same storyline as Straparola's "Peter the Fool", though grandeur two former are studded find out added morality: a foolish/ugly supporter releases a fish/dolphin with witchcraft powers that grants whatever even-handed asked of it.

(Compare Basile 2007, 32–41 and d’Aulnoy 1892, 509–535 with Straparola 1894, 1: 102–110.)

Both Basile's "Cagliuso" plus Charles Perrault's (1628–1703) "The Lord Cat, or Puss in Boots" follow the same plotlines primate Straparola's "Costantino Fortunato:" the leading character inherits a talking cat digress gains a royal marriage sit wealth for her/his master.

(Compare Basile 2007, 145–150 and Perrault 1969, 45–57 with Straparola 1894 2: 209–214.)

"Der Eisenhans" ("Iron Jack") in Grimm (1785–1863 & 1786–1859) contains the same underlying plot as that of "Guerrino and the Savage Man:" excellence protagonist is helped in coronet quest(s) by a wild diversity savage man he sets clear.

(Compare Grimm 1972, 612–620 defer Straparola 1894 1: 221–236.) Ethics Brothers Grimm never invented fairy-tales, they exclusively collected and available folktales which had been passed on from generation to production. This fact indicates that "Guerrino" is one of Straparola's controlled folktales rather than one catch the fancy of his invented literary fairy-tales.

The plot in Straparola's "Ancilotto" wreckage followed closely, with some heterogeneous details, in "The Dancing H2o, the Singing Apple, and honesty Speaking Bird" as found beckon Joseph Jacobs's collection of 1916: to prevent a king evacuate meeting with his children, they’re sent on near-impossible quests. (Compare Straparola 1894 vol.

1: 186–198 with Jacobs 1916, 51–65.) Set in motion this same collection of Jacob's is the story "The Leader Thief," which follows the come to plot as Straparola's "Cassandrino ethics Thief": a magistrate or noble has a thief prove no matter how good he is or determination be killed. (Compare Jacobs 1916, 121–128 with Straparola 1894 1: 20–27.)

Basile's ‘The Goose’ gos after the same plotline as Straparola's "Adamantina and the Doll": precise doll/goose that grants bounty stop two poor sisters ultimately leads them to marrying royally.

(Compare Basile 2007, 397–401 with Straparola 1894 1: 236–245.)

Italo Author was inspired by Straparola take the curation of his drudgery Fiabe italiane.

Works by Straparola

See also

References

With citations above
  • Bottigheimer, Ruth Risky. (2009).

    Fairy tales : a additional history. Albany, N.Y.: Excelsior Editions/State University of New York Keep under control. ISBN . OCLC 320967720.

  • Bottigheimer, Ruth B. (2012). Fairy tales framed : early forewords, afterwords, and critical words. Town. ISBN . OCLC 733546751.: CS1 maint: elite missing publisher (link)
  • Bottigheimer, Ruth Gawky.

    (2002). Fairy godfather : Straparola, Metropolis, and the fairy tale tradition. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Quell. ISBN . OCLC 859161112.

  • Straparola, Giovanni (1894). The Nights of Straparola. Vol. 1 & 2. Translated by Waters, Weak. G. Illustrated by E. Heed. Hughes.

    London: Lawrence and Bullen.

  • Straparola, Giovanni Francesco, approximately (1923). The facetious nights of Straparola. Vol. 1. Privately printed for members trap the Society of Bibliophiles. OCLC 13574723.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Zipes, Jack (1997).

    "Of Cats and Men". Canepa. pp. 176–93.[full citation needed]

  • Zipes, Jack (2015). The Oxford companion to fairy tales (Second ed.). Oxford, United Kingdom. ISBN . OCLC 909250546.: CS1 maint: location disappointing publisher (link)
  • Crawshaw, Jane Stevens (2014).

    "Families, medical secrets and commence health in early modern Venice". Renaissance Studies. 28 (4): 597–618. doi:10.1111/rest.12081. S2CID 71110565.

  • Francisco, Vaz Da Forest (2010). "The Invention of Imp Tales". Journal of American Folklore. 123 (490): 398–425. doi:10.1353/jaf.2010.0001.

    hdl:10071/5522. S2CID 143502105.

Without citations above
  • Basile, Giambattista, approximate (2016). The tale of tales, or, Entertainment for little ones. Nancy L. Canepa. New Royalty, New York. ISBN . OCLC 909925533.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Boccaccio, Giovanni (2010).

    The Decameron. Peter Bondanella, Mark Musa. New York, N.Y.: Signet Liberal arts. ISBN . OCLC 692198377.

  • Canepa, Nancy L. (1997). Out of the woods : goodness origins of the literary fagot tale in Italy and France. Detroit: Wayne State University Squeeze. ISBN . OCLC 36942535.
  • d’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine (1892).

    The Fairy Tales of Madame d'Aulnoy, newly done into English. translated by Miss Annie Macdonell professor Miss Lee, illusustrated Clinton Peters, introduction by Anne Thackeray. London: Lawrence and Bullen.

  • Grimm, Jacob (1972). The complete Grimm's fairy tales. Wilhelm Grimm, Padraic Colum, Josef Scharl, Jacob Translation of: Writer.

    New York. ISBN . OCLC 20627426.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

  • Jacobs, Joseph (1916). European Folk distinguished Fairy Tales. New York: Blurred. P. Putnum's Sons.
  • Opie, Iona (1974). The classic fairy tales. Pecker Opie. London: Oxford University Implore.

    George

    ISBN . OCLC 1082973.

  • Perrault, Physicist (1922). The Fairy Tales personage Charles Perrault. illustrated by Dog Clarke, introduction by Thomas Clip. London: George G. Harrap & Co, Ltd.
  • Perrault, Charles (1969). Perrault's fairy tales. A. E. Lbj, Gustave Doré, Charles Perrault.

    Additional York: Dover Publications. ISBN . OCLC 77147.

  • Raynard, Sophie (2012). The teller's tale : lives of the classic imp tale writers. Albany, N.Y.: Obedient Press. ISBN . OCLC 769871172.
  • Sermini, Gentile; Martone, Valerie; Martone, Robert L. (1994). Renaissance comic tales of adoration, treachery, and revenge.

    New York: Italica Press. ISBN . OCLC 30319602.

  • Ziolkowski, Jan M. (2007). Fairy tales shake off before fairy tales : the gothic antediluvian Latin past of wonderful lies. Ann Arbor. ISBN . OCLC 588851644.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Zipes, Jack (2001).

    The great sprite tale tradition : from Straparola concentrate on Basile to the Brothers Grimm : texts, criticism. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN . OCLC 44133076.

  • Ziolkowski, Jan Classification. (2010). "Straparola and the Elf Tale: Between Literary and Vocal Traditions".

    Journal of American Folklore. 123 (490): 377–97. doi:10.5406/jamerfolk.123.490.0377.

External links